"""Module defining the handling of cache data from Overpass requests."""
import os
import json
import hashlib

from ..constants import OSM_CACHE_DIR, OSM_TYPES


def get_cache_key(query: str) -> str:
    """
    Generate a unique cache key for the query using a hash function.
    This ensures that queries with different parameters are cached separately.
    """
    return hashlib.md5(query.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()


class CachingStrategyBase:
    """
    Base class for implementing caching strategies.
    """
    def get(self, key):
        """Retrieve the cached data associated with the provided key."""
        raise NotImplementedError('Subclass should implement get')

    def set(self, key, value):
        """Store data in the cache with the specified key."""
        raise NotImplementedError('Subclass should implement set')

    def set_hollow(self, key, **kwargs):
        """Create a hollow (empty) cache entry with a specific key."""
        raise NotImplementedError('Subclass should implement set_hollow')

    def close(self):
        """Clean up or close any resources used by the caching strategy."""


class JSONCache(CachingStrategyBase):
    """
    A caching strategy that stores and retrieves data in JSON format.
    """
    def __init__(self, cache_dir=OSM_CACHE_DIR):
        # Add the class name as a suffix to the directory
        self._cache_dir = f'{cache_dir}'
        if not os.path.exists(self._cache_dir):
            os.makedirs(self._cache_dir)

    def _filename(self, key):
        return os.path.join(self._cache_dir, f'{key}.json')

    def get(self, key):
        """Retrieve JSON data from the cache and parse it as an ElementTree."""
        filename = self._filename(key)
        if os.path.exists(filename):
            try:
                # Open and parse the cached JSON data
                with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
                    data = json.load(file)
                # Return the data as a list of dicts.
                return data
            except json.JSONDecodeError:
                return None  # Return None if parsing fails
        return None

    def set(self, key, value):
        """Save the JSON data in the cache."""
        filename = self._filename(key)
        try:
            # Write the JSON data to the cache file
            with open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
                json.dump(value, file, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
        except IOError as e:
            raise IOError(f"Error writing to cache file: {filename} - {e}") from e

    def set_hollow(self, key, cell: tuple, osm_types: list,
                    selector: str, conditions: list=None, out='center'):
        """Create an empty placeholder cache entry for a future fill."""
        hollow_key = f'hollow_{key}'
        filename = self._filename(hollow_key)

        # Create the hollow JSON structure
        hollow_data = {
            "key": key,
            "cell": list(cell),
            "osm_types": list(osm_types),
            "selector": selector,
            "conditions": conditions,
            "out": out
        }
        # Write the hollow data to the cache file
        try:
            with open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:
                json.dump(hollow_data, file, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
        except IOError as e:
            raise IOError(f"Error writing hollow cache to file: {filename} - {e}") from e

    def close(self):
        """Cleanup method, if needed."""


class CachingStrategy:
    """
    A class to manage different caching strategies.
    """
    __strategy = JSONCache()  # Default caching strategy
    __strategies = {
        'JSON': JSONCache,
    }

    @classmethod
    def use(cls, strategy_name='JSON', **kwargs):
        """Define the caching strategy to use."""
        if cls.__strategy:
            cls.__strategy.close()

        strategy_class = cls.__strategies.get(strategy_name)
        if not strategy_class:
            raise ValueError(f"Unknown caching strategy: {strategy_name}")

        cls.__strategy = strategy_class(**kwargs)
        return cls.__strategy

    @classmethod
    def get(cls, key):
        """Get the data from the cache."""
        return cls.__strategy.get(key)

    @classmethod
    def set(cls, key, value):
        """Save the data in the cache."""
        cls.__strategy.set(key, value)

    @classmethod
    def set_hollow(cls, key, cell: tuple, osm_types: OSM_TYPES,
                    selector: str, conditions: list=None, out='center'):
        """Create a hollow cache entry."""
        cls.__strategy.set_hollow(key, cell, osm_types, selector, conditions, out)
